• Introduction, histology, aims and objects
• Morphological development of head. Development of jaw bones, normal dentition,  temporomandibular joints: and oral musculature. Anatomy of facial muscles and bones
• Eruption of primary teeth, fixed and permanent dentition
• Development of normal occlusion, and its variations
• Etiology of Dento-facial deformities
• Classification of Malocclusion
• Movement of teeth and their effects on periodontium and bones.

Diagnosis:

History, Intra oral, Extra oral examination, X-ray Cephalemetrios, Study models, analysis.

Treatment Planning:

Psychological considerations of child patient.

Therapy:

Interceptive and preventive measures, Serial .extractions. Frenectomy and other surgical aids.  Functional therapy.

Appliance:

Fixed removable, active. functional and passive appliances. indications, construction techniques and follow up procedures.
 

• Oral prophylaxis during appliance therapy.
• Causes of failure in Orthodontic treatment.
• Oral Prophylaxis during appliance therapy.
• Causes of failure in Orthodontic treatment.